Run Home Assistant with Network Unit without Docker – Wise Connect Technologies Corporation

Home Assistant controls devices though add-ins for specific protocols. For example, it controls z-wave devices though zwave-js via MQTT or websocket. This article will show you how to install Home Assistant and Z-Wave JS on Raspberry Pi Debian GNU/Linux 11 (bullseye).

Install Home Assistant on Raspberry Pi bullseye (Debian GNU/Linux 11)

The default python version comes with bullseye is 3.9.2. To run relative new Home Assistant on it, we have to install install newer versions. 3.12.3 is the latest version that I could install on it.

sudo dpkg --configure -a
sudo apt install -f
sudo apt-get --fix-broken install
sudo apt-get update --fix-missing
sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade

sudo apt install build-essential zlib1g-dev libncurses5-dev libgdbm-dev libnss3-dev libssl-dev libreadline-dev libffi-dev  libsqlite3-dev

cd Downloads/
wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.12.3/Python-3.12.3.tgz
tar -zxvf Python-3.12.3.tgz
cd Python-3.12.3/

./configure --enable-optimizations
make -j 4
sudo make altinstall

The python12 will be installed under /usr/local/bin: /usr/local/bin/python3.12

Next, we need to create a python virtual environment and install dependencies in it:

/usr/local/bin/python3.12 -m venv .venv
source .venv/bin/activate
pip install --upgrade pip
pip install homeassistant

Here’s how you run it:

hass

Install Home Assistant on Ubuntu 24.04

Newer version of python, e.g 3.13.1 can be installed on on 24.04

sudo dpkg --configure -a
sudo apt install -f
sudo apt-get --fix-broken install
sudo apt-get update --fix-missing
sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade

# add python repository
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:deadsnakes/ppa
sudo apt update

# install dependencies
sudo apt install wget build-essential libncursesw5-dev libssl-dev libsqlite3-dev tk-dev libgdbm-dev libc6-dev libbz2-dev libffi-dev zlib1g-dev

sudo apt install bluez libffi-dev libssl-dev libjpeg-dev zlib1g-dev autoconf build-essential libopenjp2-7 libtiff5 libturbojpeg0-dev tzdata ffmpeg liblapack3 liblapack-dev libatlas-base-dev

# install python
sudo apt install python3.13 python3.13-dev python3.13-venv python3.13-pip

Install Home Assistant


    # create virtual env for the python
    python3.11 -m venv .
    source bin/activate
    python3.11 -m pip install wheel
    pip3 install homeassistant==2024.6

run it:

hass

Run Home Assistant as A Service

You can run it as a service if you like.

Firstly, you need to create a running user.

useradd -rm homeassistant -G dialout
mkdir /srv/homeassistant
chown homeassistant:homeassistant /srv/homeassistant
sudo -u homeassistant -H -s
cd /srv/homeassistant

Create an init.d script, “/etc/init.d/homeassistant”:

#!/bin/sh
# For Ubuntu:
# description: Home Assistant
# processname: hass

### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides:          hass
# Required-Start:
# Required-Stop:
# Default-Start:     2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop:      0 1 6
# Short-Description: Home Assistant service
# Description:       Home Assistant
### END INIT INFO

name="HomeAssistant"
pid_file="/var/run/$name.pid"

case "$1" in
    start)
        su - homeassistant -c '/srv/homeassistant/bin/python3.11 /srv/homeassistant/bin/hass' &>/dev/null &
        echo $(pgrep python3.11) > "$pid_file"
        echo "Running with PID: $(pgrep python3.11)"
    ;;
    stop)
        echo -n "Stopping $name.."
        kill $(pgrep python3.11)
    rm "/var/run/$name.pid"

    ;;
    restart)
        stop
        start
    ;;
    status)
        if $(pgrep hass); then
            echo "Running with PID: $(pgrep python3.11)"
        else
            echo "$name is not running"
            exit 1
        fi

    ;;
    *)
    echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|status}"
    exit 1
    ;;
esac
exit 0

Set up service file

sudo chmod 0755 /etc/init.d/homeassistant

sudo update-rc.d homeassistant defaults

Reboot

    reboot

Check if Home Assistant is running:

    service homeassistant status

YOu can also use systemctl script, e.g. /etc/systemd/system/home-assistant@homeassistant.service:

[Unit]
Description=Home Assistant
After=network-online.target

[Service]
Type=simple
User=%i
WorkingDirectory=/home/%i/.homeassistant
ExecStart=/srv/homeassistant/bin/hass -c "/home/%i/.homeassistant"
Restart=always
StandardOutput=journal
StandardError=journal+console

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

then run:

systemctl enable home-assistant@homeassistant.service
systemctl start home-assistant@homeassistant.service

Test it

Go to “http://<your ip address>:8123”

Close the session to end root access

Integrate Home Assistant with Z-Wave JS on Linux

Both zwave-js server and zwave-js-ui include websocket which can be integrated with the Home Assistant. zwave-js-ui also provide MQTT services. If you’ve decided to use websocket, you don’t have to use zwave-js-ui, because it include UI implemented with vue. It is heavier then zwave-js server.

Use zwave-js server

Make sure you don’t have ser2net nor socat in your system.

sudo apt purge ser2net
sudo apt purge socat

Check wether port 3000 is in use or not:

# Check wether port 3000 is in use or not
sudo lsof -i :3000

Uninstall the service or use another port is you find any other service is using port 3000.

Uninstall zwave-js-ui if it is installed if you don’t need it, otherwise make sure the Home Assistant integration is off.

sudo npm -g i tsx
sudo npm install -g zwave-js
# sudo npm install -g typescript
# sudo npm install -g ts-node
# npm install -D tslib @types/node


cd ~/
git clone https://github.com/zwave-js/zwave-js-server.git

start zwave-js-server

cd ~/zwave-js-server/
tsx src/bin/server.ts tcp://192.168.1.200:2000

You can create a service for it. Please refer to the section on how to create service for Home Assistant.

Use zwave-js UI

Run the following commands:

 sudo apt update
 sudo apt upgrade
 sudo apt autoremove
 sudo apt install snapd
 sudo snap install zwave-js-ui

Please refer to the following article for details: https://snapcraft.io/install/zwave-js-ui/ubuntu

Enable the service

sudo /snap/bin/zwave-js-ui.enable

Start the service

sudo snap start zwave-js-ui

Stop the service

sudo snap restart zwave-js-ui

Restart the service

sudo snap stop zwave-js-ui

Enable Home Assistant integration in zwave-js UI:

go the the control panel http://localhost:8091/#/settings

check the following references for details:

https://community.home-assistant.io/t/install-and-setup-zwave-js-ui-with-snap-on-a-raspberry-pi/486484
https://snapcraft.io/install/zwave-js-ui/ubuntu
https://www.home-assistant.io/integrations/zwave_js/#advanced-installation-instructions
https://www.home-assistant.io/integrations/zwave_js/#setting-up-a-z-wave-js-server

An example

Click “Settings” and then “Z-Wave”

Set Serial Port as your SoIP URL, e.g. tcp://192.168.1.200:2000, also refresh all security settings:

Go to the “Home Assistant” section to enable either Websocket or MQTT.

Save the settings. ZWave-JS server will scan your network automatically, go to your “Control Panel” to add or remove devices by clicking the the circled icon at the bottom of the page:

Setup Home Assistant (link it to ZWave-JS Websocket or MQTT)

Install the following (this is not mandatory but can improve the performance):

pip install aiohttp_fast_zlib

Start the Home Assistant if it is not running (run command “hass” or start the service, this is up to your installation), and then open the UI:

Detect your region:

https://aruljohn.com/blog/python-raspberrypi

https://devguide.python.org/getting-started/setup-building/#build-dependencies

References

https://community.home-assistant.io/t/guide-installing-home-assistant-core-on-ubuntu-22-04/608224

https://community.home-assistant.io/t/installing-home-assistant-supervised-on-ubuntu-18-04-4/200020